Homogenizer — equipment is designed to grind, evenly distribute and mix particles in liquid and semi-solid media. The main purpose of using homogenisers is to obtain a stable and homogeneous mixture that does not delaminate over time. Homogenisation is based on creating high pressure and passing the liquid through a narrow gap between valves or plungers. In the process, the particles are destroyed or evenly distributed in the medium.

1. High pressure:
   The liquid is pumped in under high pressure (up to 1500 bar).
2. Cavitation and shear forces:
   The fluid flow passes through the homogenising unit, where a combination of forces acts: pressure, cavitation, shear and impact loads.
3. Grinding of particles:
   The particles are broken down to micro- or nano-size to form a homogeneous mixture.
4. Even distribution:
   The resulting mixture remains stable and does not tend to delaminate.

Areas of application

1. Food industry:
   • Homogenisation of milk, cream, yoghurt, sauces, juices, purees.
   • Creating stable emulsions such as mayonnaise or ice cream.
2. Pharmaceuticals:
   • Preparation of dosage forms: syrups, suspensions, emulsions, vaccines.
   • Ensuring an even distribution of active ingredients in the preparation.
3. Cosmetics industry:
   • Production of creams, lotions and shampoos.
   • Formation of emulsions with a fine texture.
4. Chemical industry:
   • Dispersion of pigments, paints, adhesives, varnishes.
   • Working with polymer solutions and suspensions.
5. Biotechnology:
   • Dissection of cells and isolation of intracellular components (e.g. proteins or enzymes).

Types of homogenisers

1. High-pressure homogenisers:
   They are used for handling large volumes of product and high pressures.
   • Areas of application: dairy industry, pharmaceuticals.
2. Rotary-stator homogenisers:
   The mixing process is driven by the interaction of the rotor and stator, which generate high shear forces.
   • Areas of application: cosmetics, chemical processes.
3. Ultrasonic homogenisers:
   They operate on the principle of cavitation created by ultrasonic waves.
   • Areas of application: biotechnology, laboratory research.

Features of homogenisers

1. Grinding to nanoscale:
   The ability to reduce particles to 0.1 micron in size to ensure a consistent product texture.
2. Uniformity:
   Ensure uniformity even in complex multi-component systems.
3. Compatible with various liquids:
   They work with low- and high-viscosity media.
4. Hygienic:
   Most models are made of stainless steel that meets hygiene standards (FDA, EHEDG).
5. Automation:
   Possibility of integration into automated production lines.
6. Energy efficiency:
   Modern homogenisers consume less energy thanks to advanced designs.

How to choose the right homogenizer?

1. Product type:
   Determine whether an emulsion, dispersion or homogenisation is required.
2. Pressure level:
   Choose equipment that can provide the necessary pressure to achieve the desired particle size.
3. Productivity:
   Consider the volume of product to be processed per unit of time.
4. Compatible with liquids:
   Select a model that matches the fluid characteristics (viscosity, temperature, chemical composition).
5. Materials:
   For aggressive or sterile environments, choose models made of AISI 316L stainless steel.
6. Additional features:
   • Compatible with CIP/SIP systems.
   • Availability of automatic settings and monitoring systems.

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